1. RESPA applies to transactions involving residential financed home loans and does not cover cash sales, seller financing or property rentals.
2. Nothing of value can be given in exchange for the referral of business with the exception of real estate brokerage firms that are allowed to exchange referrals between themselves.
3. The Good Faith Estimate is not required if there is no property address (pre-approval).
4. Escrow accounts must refund the borrower any annual surplus that exceeds $50.
5. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act applies to financial institutions that give loans or financial advice. This includes mortgage brokers, lenders, tax preparers and debt collectors.
6. A consumer is an individual who obtains or has obtained a financial product or service from a financial institution for personal, family or household reasons. A customer is a consumer with a continuing relationship with a financial institution.
7. A privacy notice must be given to a customer by mail or in-person.
8. Consumers and customers have the right to opt-out of having their information shared with certain 3rd parties.
9. Pre-texting is the illegal practice of obtaining consumer information from financial institutions under false pretenses.
10. HOEPA applies when the total fees and points payable by the consumer at or before closing exceed 5% of the loan amount.
11. A finance charge is the cost of credit expressed in dollars.
12. The TILA and Regulation Z require that the initial disclosure package (Good Faith Estimate, Truth-in-Lending, and state-specific disclosures) must be sent to the applicant within 3 business days of the day the application is taken or received and that from the day of mailing, the settlement or closing can’t occur for at least 7 business days. These disclosures are only used for the following loans: reverse mortgages, home equity line of credit, mobile homes and dwellings not attached to land.
13. A business day includes Saturdays, but does not include Sundays and recognized federal Holidays.
14. If there are changes to a borrower’s loan program, loan terms, and/or APR, the initial disclosure package must be re-disclosed to the borrower prior to closing.
15. If the borrower’s APR increases or decreases by more than 0.125% for a fixed-rate loan, or by more than 0.25% for an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM), the initial package must be re-disclosed.
16. ECOA prohibits a lender from discouraging individuals from applying for a mortgage or reject their application because of their race, color, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, age, or because they receive public assistance.
17. The Home Valuation Code of Conduct (HVCC) prevents a mortgage broker from choosing the appraiser for loans that are sold to Fannie Mae. The Dodd-Frank Act extended the law to include all mortgages.
18. The lender must provide a copy of the appraisal report to the borrower within 3 business days prior to closing.
19. The FBI investigates mortgage fraud in 2 distinct areas: fraud for profit and fraud for housing.
20. Illegal property flipping is best described as purchasing properties and artificially inflating their value through false appraisals.
21. Predatory lending typically affects senior citizens, lower income borrowers and applicants with low credit scores. Predatory lending forces borrowers to pay exorbitant loan origination/settlement fees, subprime or higher interest rates, and in some cases, unreasonable service fees.
22. A builder bailout scheme can occur when a builder or developer experiences difficulty selling his inventory and resorts to using fraudulent means to unload properties.
23. Short sale fraud schemes occur when the perpetrator uses a straw buyer to purchase and ultimately default on a home loan, creating a short sale situation so that the perpetrator can take advantage and purchase the home at a discount.
24. Property appraisers must be licensed and adhere to the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP).
25. Redlining is the illegal practice by lenders of arbitrarily denying or limiting financial services to specific neighborhoods.
26. The Fair Housing Act prohibits housing discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, disability, familial status, and national origin.
27. Steering is the illegal practice by real estate agents of directing buyers into or out of certain neighborhoods based on their ethnicity or race.
28. Blockbusting occurs when a real estate agent spreads the rumor that a specific ethnic group is planning to move into the neighborhood and advises residents to sell before the property values drop.
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